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The missionary position or man-on-top position is generally a sex position in which one partner lies on his or her back and the other lies on top of him or her while they face each other and engage in sexual intercourse or other sexual activity.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=''Merriam-Webster'' )〕 Though commonly associated with aspects of heterosexual sexual activity, the sex position is also used by gay and lesbian couples.〔 The missionary position may involve sexual penetration or non-penetrative sex (for example, intercrural sex), and its penile-vaginal aspect is an example of ventro-ventral (front-to-front) reproductive activity. Variations of the position allow varying degrees of vaginal tightness, clitoral stimulation, depth of penetration, participation on the part of the woman, and the likelihood and speed of orgasm. It is commonly believed that the term ''missionary position'' arose in connection to Christian missionaries, who supposedly encouraged the sexual position to new converts in the colonial era. However, the term probably originated from Alfred Kinsey's ''Sexual Behavior in the Human Male'' through a confluence of misunderstandings and misinterpretations of historical documents. Tuscans refer to the position as ''the Angelic position'' while some Arabic-speaking groups call it ''the manner of serpents.''〔Lister, Larry. ''Human Sexuality, Ethnoculture, and Social Work''. p. 15.〕 The missionary position is often preferred by couples who enjoy its romantic qualities afforded by copious skin-to-skin contact and opportunities to look into each other's eyes and kiss and caress each other. The position is also believed to be a good position for reproduction.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sex Position – Missionary / The Man-on-Top Position )〕 During sexual activity, the missionary position allows the man to take charge of the rhythm and depth of pelvic thrusting. It is also possible for the woman to thrust against him by moving her hips or pushing her feet against the bed, or squeeze him closer with her arms or legs. The position is less suitable for late stages of pregnancy, or when it is desired for the woman to have greater control over rhythm and depth of penetration. ==Etymology and other usage== Before the release of Alfred Kinsey's work, the missionary position was known by several names, including ''the matrimonial,'' ''the Mama-Papa position,'' ''the English-American position,'' and ''the male superior position.''〔Priest, 31.〕 In 1948, Kinsey published the male volume of the Kinsey Reports, ''Sexual Behavior in the Human Male''. He described the American preference for the position and called it ''the English-American position.'' Discussing Malinowski's ''The Sexual Life of Savages in North-Western Melanesia'', Kinsey wrote, "It will be recalled that Malinowski (1929) records the nearly universal use of a totally different position among the Trobrianders ... () ... that caricatures of the English-American position are performed around ... campfires, to the great amusement of the natives who refer to the position as the 'missionary position.'"〔 To date, lexicographers and sexologists have not found use of the term ''missionary position'' before Kinsey.〔Priest, 30.〕 In 2001, Robert Priest examined the origins of the term and concluded that Kinsey had confused several factors in accidentally coining the term.〔 First, according to Malinowski, Trobrianders played and sang mocking songs under the full moon, and not around a campfire. In ''Sexual Behaviors'', Kinsey wrote that the Trobrianders mocked face-to-face man-on-top woman-below intercourse, but does not give context. He mentioned that the position was learned from "white traders, planters, or officials", but does not discuss missionaries. Kinsey also recalled that the medieval Catholic Church taught the position, and upon seeing the natives mocking it, assumed that missionaries had taught it to them. Finally, Malinowski wrote that he saw an engaged Trobriand couple holding hands and leaning against each other, which the natives described as ''misinari si bubunela'' — the ''missionary fashion.'' Upon accidentally combining these similar facts, Kinsey invented a new phrase despite believing that he was reporting an old one.〔 From then on, the story of the name's "origin" may have been retold until it became largely accepted, with its connection to Kinsey and Malinowski having faded. Writers began using the expression for sexual intercourse in the late 1960s, and as Alex Comfort's bestseller ''The Joy of Sex'' (1972) and the ''Oxford English Dictionary'' (1976) spread the term ''missionary position,'' it gradually replaced older names.〔Priest, 30-31.〕 By the 1990s, it had spread to other languages: ''Missionarsstellung'' (German), ''postura del misionero'' (Spanish), ''missionarishouding'' (Dutch) and ''position du missionaire'' (French).〔 In William Shakespeare's ''Othello'' (Act 1, Scene 1), the missionary position was euphemistically called "the beast with two backs".〔(opensourceshakespeare.org )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「missionary position」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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